Crime and punishment: slovíčka
Co musíš umět
1Slovíčka a–uu
Celý seznam z worksheetu, rozdělený podle toho, kde se slovo děje. Řekni anglicky nahlas, pak klepni.
Policie a vyšetřování
Od zločinu po obvinění.
- spáchat zločin / přestupek: commit a crime / an offence
- pachatel: offender
- oběť: victim
- vzít do vazby: take into custody / arrest
- vyšetřovat: investigate
- vyslýchat: question / interrogate
- obvinit z: charge with / accuse of
- svědci a důkazy: witnesses and evidence
U soudu
Lidé a rozhodnutí.
- soudní proces: trial
- porota: jury
- obviněný: the accused / the defendant
- advokát: solicitor / defence lawyer
- státní zástupce, žalobce: public prosecutor
- vinen × nevinen: guilty × not guilty / innocent
- odsoudit: sentence
- odsouzený: the sentenced person / convict
Tresty
Od pokuty po popravu.
- pokuta: fine
- uvěznění: imprisonment
- trest odnětí svobody: custodial sentence
- trest smrti: capital punishment / death penalty
- byl popraven: he was executed
- propustit (vězně): release
Krádeže a majetek
Nejdelší skupina, tady se nejvíc plete.
- krádež: theft
- zloděj: a thief
- kapsář: pickpocket
- kapesní krádeže: pickpocketing
- krádeže v obchodě · zloděj v obchodě: shoplifting · shoplifter
- vloupání do domu: burglary
- loupež v bance: bank robbery
- ukradli mi peněženku: they stole my wallet
- byl jsem okraden: I have been robbed
- zločin proti majetku: crime against property
- žhářství · žhář: arson · arsonist
Násilí a únosy
Zločiny proti lidem.
- zločin z vášně: crime of passion
- únos člověka: kidnap
- únos letadla: hijack
- přepadení člověka: mugging
- vydírání: blackmailing
- spáchat sebevraždu: commit suicide
Peníze, korupce a slovesa navíc
Bílé límečky a předložky.
- úplatek: bribe
- úplatkářství: bribery / corruption
- administrativní kriminalita: white-collar crime
- zpronevěra: fraud / embezzlement
- škodlivý: harmful
- zabránit něčemu: prevent from
- ochránit před něčím: protect from
Bod tt. má v seznamu jen češtinu (zločin proti majetku). Anglicky je to crime against property, přesně tak to stojí ve cvičení C na druhé straně.
2Kdo je kdo u soudu
Od zločinu k trestu
- commitThe offender commits a crime. There is a victim.
- arrestThe police take him into custody (vezmou do vazby).
- investigateThey investigate the crime and question / interrogate him.
- chargeHe is charged with theft (obviněn z krádeže).
- trialAt the trial, witnesses speak and the court looks at the evidence.
- verdictThe jury decides: guilty, or not guilty / innocent.
- sentenceThe judge sentences him to a fine, imprisonment (a custodial sentence), or in some countries the death penalty.
- afterHe is executed (popraven), or one day released (propuštěn).
Případ Mr Sanderson
Cvičení z listu: doplň nabídnutá slova.
- The ___ of Mr Sanderson opened at the High Court today.
- Mr Sanderson has been ___ of stealing large sums of money from his company.
- At the beginning of the trial, the twelve members of the ___ came into the ___ and sat down.
- Everyone stood up when the ___, who was wearing a white wig, came in.
- After a few minutes, the lawyer for the ___ said that he would prove that Mr Sanderson had stolen the money.
- He questioned a number of ___ who had heard Mr Sanderson talking about stealing the money.
- Then the ___ for the ___ got up and said that he would show that Mr Sanderson had done nothing wrong.
- He ___ the witnesses and tried to show that the ___ that they had given was not true.
- At the end, the jury went out of the court to make their ___.
- They decided that Mr Sanderson was ___, and that he had stolen the money.
- The judge ___ him to two years in prison.
- She also ___ him USD 100,000.
3Zločin · zločinec · sloveso
| crime | criminal | verb | česky |
|---|---|---|---|
| theft | thief | steal | krádež |
| burglary | burglar | break in / burgle | vloupání |
| robbery | robber | rob | loupež |
| pickpocketing | pickpocket | pick sb's pocket | kapesní krádež |
| shoplifting | shoplifter | shoplift | krádež v obchodě |
| mugging | mugger | mug | přepadení |
| kidnapping | kidnapper | kidnap | únos člověka |
| hijacking | hijacker | hijack | únos letadla |
| arson | arsonist | set fire to | žhářství |
| blackmail(ing) | blackmailer | blackmail | vydírání |
| fraud | fraudster | commit fraud | podvod |
| embezzlement | embezzler | embezzle | zpronevěra |
| bribery | – | bribe | uplácení |
| murder | murderer | murder | vražda |
Complete the types of crimes
Poslední cvičení z worksheetu. Řekni slovo, pak klepni.
- This is a person who kills: murderer (killer)
- Sb. steals a person and wants money for his/her return: kidnapping
- Sb. steals a plane with passengers: hijacking
- A person who saw a crime: witness
- A thing which proves if you are innocent or guilty: evidence
- When sb. is put in prison after being caught, he/she is: imprisoned
- A person who stands for you at the court: solicitor / defence lawyer
- A person who stands against you at the court: public prosecutor
- A person who makes the verdict: judge
- You are judged at the court for a crime, you are a: defendant (the accused)
- A financial sentence is a: fine
- Sb. breaks into your house or car, he/she is a: burglar
- Sb. steals a lot of money from a bank: bank robber
- You steal money from tourists' bags in the square, you are a: pickpocket
- Sb. stops a person in the street with a gun and wants money: mugging (armed robbery)
- Sb. killed himself, then he: committed suicide
4Druhy zločinů a motivy
AGAINST PEOPLE
proti lidem
murder, kidnapping, mugging, blackmailing
AGAINST PROPERTY
proti majetku
theft, burglary, shoplifting, arson
COMPUTER
počítačové
hacking, phishing, identity theft
POLITICAL
politické
terrorism, treason, espionage
ECONOMIC
hospodářské
fraud, embezzlement, bribery, tax evasion
PUBLIC ORDER
veřejný pořádek
rioting, hooliganism, vandalism, drug dealing
Kam to patří?
Crimes against…
- kidnapping
- burglary
- identity theft
- embezzlement
- treason
- arson
- rioting
- blackmailing
- tax evasion
- phishing
- espionage
- shoplifting
- mugging
- money laundering
- hooliganism
Why do people commit crimes? motivy
Because, nebo because of?
Následuje věta (se slovesem), nebo jen podstatné jméno?
- People steal ___ they are poor.
- He did it ___ poverty.
- Some people commit crimes ___ they want revenge.
- She stole the money ___ her gambling addiction.
- Teenagers sometimes break the law ___ they are bored.
- Many crimes happen ___ drugs.
5Chytáky
6Překlad vět
Část D z worksheetu. Vztažné věty jako v Unit 10: whose = jehož, who = který (člověk), which = což.
Přelož do angličtiny
Napiš na papír nebo řekni nahlas, pak rozklikni a ohodnoť.
Obhájce je člověk, jehož prací je obhajovat obviněného.
A defence lawyer is a person whose job is to defend the accused.
Soudce je člověk, který vynáší rozsudek.
A judge is a person who delivers the verdict. (also: passes judgement / passes sentence)
Státní zástupce požádal porotu o trest smrti pro obviněného.
The public prosecutor asked the jury for the death penalty for the accused. (also: for the defendant / for capital punishment)
Ukradli mi peněženku, což mě fakt rozčílilo.
They stole my wallet, which really annoyed me. (also: upset me / made me really angry)
Soudní proces je proces, jehož cílem je dokázat vinu či nevinu člověka s pomocí důkazů a svědků.
A trial is a process whose aim is to prove a person's guilt or innocence with the help of evidence and witnesses.
Ten muž, který byl právě odsouzen k sedmi letům vězení a pokutě, je můj bratr.
The man who has just been sentenced to seven years in prison and a fine is my brother. (also: seven years' imprisonment)
Navíc: Kapsář mi v tramvaji ukradl peněženku.
A pickpocket stole my wallet on the tram.
Navíc: Policie ho vzala do vazby a vyslýchala ho deset hodin.
The police took him into custody and questioned / interrogated him for ten hours.
Navíc: Žhář byl obviněn ze žhářství a porota ho uznala vinným.
The arsonist was charged with arson and the jury found him guilty.
7Písemka nanečisto
Česky → anglicky, píšeš sám. Kontroluje i pravopis a pozná všechny varianty ze seznamu (arrest i take into custody). Člen a / the psát nemusíš.
Napiš anglicky
Enter zkontroluje, další Enter jde dál.